On the decomposition of total impact multipliers in a supply and use framework
نویسنده
چکیده
1 Background Total impact multipliers (TIMs) are factors derived from input–output analysis (IOA) that show the total, economy-wide attribution of impacts from production to one unit of final demand. One example is the attribution of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of all industries in an economy to the final demand of a particular product. This metric is called the carbon footprint of the product (Gao et al. 2014; Peters 2010; Wiedmann 2009). More precisely, it is the cradle-to-sale, life cycle inventory of total upstream GHG emissions released during the production of the product. TIMs (denoted as m in the following equations) are the typical result of a demand pull, Leontief Type I calculation in the standard Leontief quantity model (Miller and Blair 2009, p. 447):
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